Vol 64, No 1 (2019)

The new domestic antiretroviral drug 6HP, which is ammonium-3’-azido-3’-deoxythymidine-5’-carbomoylphosphonate, shows a high level of anti-HIV activity in cultures of lymphoblastoid cells. In a organism, the 6HP is converted to azidothymidine, and the its pharmacokinetic parameters indicate a prolonged nature of action of this compound in vivo. It is an important indicator that allows to formulate optimal therapeutic regimens during clinical application of 6HP. The complex of its antiviral properties and the results of its exhaustive preclinica study, as well as the results of studying its safety and tolerability in adult HIV-infected patients, including important first data of its use as a specific therapeutic anti-HIV / AIDS drug, certainly indicate on its prospects and its usefulness in clinical use in patients with HIV infection, including as part of combination antiretroviral therapy.

Introduction. Patients with chronic herpes virus infection develop impaired IFN-α and IFN-γ products due to secondary immunodeficiency, which leads to impaired elimination of the intracellular virus and the development of chronic recurrent infection. It has been shown that IFN-γ is a potent immunoregulatory cytokine and has an antiviral effect. The aim of the study is to study the effect of Ingaron therapy on the dynamics of IFN-α and IFN-γ production and the clinical picture in patients with chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection (ChEBVI). Material and methods. 32 patients with ChEBVI were examined. The average age of patients was 35.06 ± 1.60 years. There were 22 women, 10 men. Serum IFN-α and IFN-γ, spontaneous and induced cytokine production in blood lymphocyte cultures were determined. As an inducer of IFN-α products, the Newcastle disease virus was used (obtained in the LA Tarasevich State Medical Institute, St. Petersburg) with an infectious titer of 8 lg EID / 0.2 ml in a volume of 8 μl per well, as an inducer of IFN-γ products, phytohemagglutinin (PanEco, Russia) was used at a dose of 10 µg / ml. The quantitative content of cytokines was determined in the serum and supernatant of a 24-hour whole blood culture using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using test systems (Vector Best, Russia). Results. It was shown that the content of IFN-γ decreased (P = 0.013) after Ingaron therapy in patients with initially high levels of induced IFN-γ (4435.64 ± 1343.50 pg/ml). In patients with initially low levels of induced IFN-γ (234.25 ± 34 , 31 pg / ml) the content of IFN-γ increased (P = 0.002). Ingaron leads to an increase in spontaneous and serum IFN-γ production in patients. Conclusions. Conducting Ingaron therapy with ChEBVI is shown independently of the initial production of IFN-γ-induced lymphocyte culture. Ingaron is recommended for the treatment of patients with ChEBVI at a dose of 500,000 IU with a course dose of 10 or more injections.

Introduction. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) occupies a leading place among natural focal human diseases in the Russian Federation. Sporadic incidence of HFRS-Sochi has been annually recorded in the Krasnodar Territory since 2000. The group outbreak of the HFRS-Sochi was first registered in Gelendzhik in the fall of 2013. Material and methods. Serological methods were used: indirect immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassay, FRNT in Vero cells, and methods for the viral RNA detection: PCR and RT-PCR. Results. Data of clinical, epidemiological, immunological and molecular studies of 3 out of 4 cases in HFRS-Sochi outbreak are presented. Severity of the disease correlated with early gastrointestinal disorders appearance. Patient MA gastrointestinal disorders were joined on day 3 of a fever. Clinical and laboratory studies revealed signs of kidneys, liver, pancreas damage, bilateral hydrothorax, bilateral polysegmental pneumonia and polyneuropathy. As a result of long-term treatment, the patient recovered. Patient AA had gastrointestinal disturbances the next day after fever onset. The patient was not saved, despite early hospitalization. Hantavirus antigen and RNA were detected in the lung tissues 2 out of 10 Black-Sea field mice captured in the affected area, as well as in the organs of deceased patient. Discussion. The most severe clinical course of the disease in close relatives, son and father, with a fatal outcome in the latter case may be the result of genetic features. The severity and outcome of the disease was not depend on day of hospitalization and correlated with the early manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders. Conclusion. Presented data confirm high virulence and pantropism of the Sochi virus, as well as the epidemiological role of Black-Sea field mouse (Apodemus ponticus) as the host of the Sochi virus and the source of human infection.