Testing of apathogenic influenza virus H5N3 as a poultry live vaccine

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Abstract

Four H5N2 experimental vaccine strains and the apathogenic wild duck H5N3 influenza virus A/duck/ Moscow/4182/2010 (dk/4182) were tested as a live poultry vaccine. Experimental strains had the hemagglutinin of the A/Vietnam/1203/04 strain lacking the polybasic HA cleavage site or the hemagglutinin from attenuated virus (Ku/at) that was derived from the highly pathogenic influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/3/2005 (H5N1). The hemagglutinin of the Ku-at has the amino acid substitutions Asp54/Asn and Lys222/Thr in HA1 and Val48/Ile and Lys131/Thr in HA2, while maintaining the polybasic HA cleavage site at an invariable level. The other genes of these experimental strains were from the H2N2 cold-adapted master strain A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (VN-Len and Ku-Len) or from the apathogenic H6N2 virus A/gull/Moscow/3100/2006 (VN-Gull and Ku-Gull). A single immunization of mice with all tested strains elicited a high level of serum antibodies and provided complete protection against the challenge with the lethal dose of A/chicken/Kurgan/3/05. The pathogenicity indexes of the Ku-at and the other strains for chicken were virtually zero, whereas the index of the parent H5N1 virus A/chicken/Kurgan/3/2005 was 2.98. Intravenous, intranasal, and aerosol routes of vaccination were compared. It was shown that the strain dk/4182 was totally apathogenic for one-day-old chicken and provided complete protection against the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus.

About the authors

E. Y. Boravleva

M.P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides

Email: fake@neicon.ru
142782, Moscow Russian Federation

I. A. Chvala

Federal Center for Animal Health (FGBI “ARRIAH”)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
600901,Vladimir Russian Federation

N. F. Lomakina

M.P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides

Email: fake@neicon.ru
142782, Moscow Russian Federation

P. I. Repin

Federal Center for Animal Health (FGBI “ARRIAH”)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
600901,Vladimir Russian Federation

N. S. Mudrak

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: fake@neicon.ru
197376, St. Petersburg Russian Federation

L. G. Rudenko

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: fake@neicon.ru
197376, St. Petersburg Russian Federation

A. S. Gambaryan

M.P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides

Author for correspondence.
Email: al.gambaryan@gmail.com

Aleksandra Gambaryan, MD, PhD,ScD

142782, Moscow

Russian Federation

V. V. Drygin

Federal Center for Animal Health (FGBI “ARRIAH”)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
600901,Vladimir Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2015 Boravleva E.Y., Chvala I.A., Lomakina N.F., Repin P.I., Mudrak N.S., Rudenko L.G., Gambaryan A.S., Drygin V.V.

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