Живая холодоадаптированная гриппозная вакцина: современное состояние


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В обзоре дана характеристика используемых в настоящее время холодоадаптированных штаммов-доноров аттенуации вирусов гриппа для получения холодоадаптированных реассортантов с актуальными эпидемическими штаммами вируса гриппа. Рассмотрены новые методы получения аттенуированных штаммов вирусов гриппа для живых гриппозных вакцин, методы анализа состава генома реассортантов. Обсуждены полученные к настоящему времени данные о безопасности холодоадаптированных живых гриппозных вакцин (ХаЖГВ), в том числе генетическая стабильность вакцинных реассортантов; иммуногенность и эффективность этих вакцин для различных возрастных групп. Приведены данные о разработке живых вакцин против вирусов гриппа птиц для людей. Сделан вывод о высокой эффективности ХаЖГВ при иммунизации детей.

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