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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">71</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/0507-4088-2016-61-4-154-159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Human rotavirus infection. Strategies for the vaccinal prevention</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ротавирусная инфекция человека. Стратегии вакцинопрофилактики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>K. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>К. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kkendwell@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalnov</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кальнов</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebennikova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенникова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliper</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алипер</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Virology «Federal Research Centre of Epidemilogy and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-08-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-20"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Alekseev K.P., Kalnov S.L., Grebennikova T.V., Aliper T.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Алексеев К.П., Кальнов С.Л., Гребенникова Т.В., Алипер Т.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseev K.P., Kalnov S.L., Grebennikova T.V., Aliper T.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеев К.П., Кальнов С.Л., Гребенникова Т.В., Алипер Т.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/71">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/71</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rotavirus was first isolated in 1973 in Australia from children with diarrhea. Hundreds of thousands of children die annually in developing countries from this virus with the mortality peaks in the most impoverished among them. According to wHo, rotavirus infection claims about 440 thousands children lives each year, being third in the mortality rate after pneumonia and malaria. Rotavirus is widely spread throughout the world and by the age of five years almost every child encountered this pathogen at least once. Rotavirus has a high genetic and antigenic diversity. The most important for humans is the group A rotavirus, and the most common by far genotypes are G1P [8], G2P [4], G3P [8], G4P [8], G9P [8], and to a lesser extent G12P [8]. There are three gene constellations described in rotavirus designated Wa, Ds-1, and Au-1. It is believed that they originated from rotaviruses of pigs, cattle, dogs, and cats, respectively. Cases of rotavirus interspecies transmission from animal to humans were reported. The first vaccines against rotavirus infection were based on naturally attenuated virus of the animal origin. Their efficiency, especially in developing countries, was inadequate, but today China and India use vaccines based on animal rotaviruses. Using the method of gene reassortation with the cattle rotavirus WC3 as a backbone, pentavalent vaccine against most common human rotavirus serotypes was developed and now successfully used as RotaTeq. The ability of rotavirus to protect against heterologous isolates was taken into account in the development of other vaccine, Rotarix, created on the basis of rotavirus genotype G1P1A [8]. The efficacy of these vaccines in developing countries is significantly reduced (51%), the cost of a dose is high, and so the search for more effective, safe, and inexpensive vaccines against rotavirus continues around the world.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Ротавирус был впервые выделен в 1973 г. от больных диареей детей в Австралии. в развивающихся странах сотни тысяч детей ежегодно погибают от этого вируса, пик смертности приходится на самые бедные страны. По данным воз, ротавирусная инфекция уносит ежегодно около 440 тыс. детских жизней, являясь по важности третьей после пневмонии и малярии причиной смертности. Ротавирус распространен повсеместно и к 5 годам почти каждый ребенок на планете хотя бы раз сталкивался с этим патогеном. Ротавирус отличается высоким генетическим и антигенным разнообразием. наибольшее значение для человека имеет ротавирус группы А, а наиболее распространенными на сегодняшний день генотипами являются G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8] и в меньшей степени G12P[8]. выделяют 3 устойчивых сочетания генов ротавируса, обозначаемых Wa, Ds-1 и AU-1. Предполагают их происхождение от ротавирусов свиней, крупного рогатого скота (КРС), собак и кошек соответственно. Описаны случаи межвидовых переходов ротавируса от животных к человеку. Первые вакцины против ротавирусной инфекции были основаны на естественно аттенуированном вирусе животного происхождения. их эффективность, особенно в развивающихся странах, оказалась недостаточной, однако сегодня в Китае и индии применяются вакцины на основе ротавирусов животного происхождения. Методом реассортации на основе ротавируса КРС WC3 была получена успешно применяемая сегодня пентавалентная вакцина против основных серотипов ротавируса человека RotaTeq. Способность ротавируса обеспечивать защиту и против гетерологичных изолятов учли при разработке другой вакцины - Rotarix, созданной на основе генотипа G1P1A[8]. Эффективность этих вакцин в развивающихся странах значительно снижена (до 51%), стоимость дозы высока, поэтому поиски более эффективных, безопасных и недорогих вакцин против ротавирусной инфекции продолжаются во всем мире.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>rotavirus</kwd><kwd>vaccine</kwd><kwd>interspecies transmission</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>ротавирус</kwd><kwd>вакцина</kwd><kwd>межвидовые переходы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Matthews R.E. The classification and nomenclature of viruses. Summary of results of meetings of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in The Hague, September 1978. 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