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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">620</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0507-4088-120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Epstein–Barr virus <italic>(Herpesviridae: Gammaherpesvirinae: Lymphocryptovirus: Human gammaherpesvirus 4)</italic> in Kalmyks and Slavs living in Russia: virus types, <italic>LMP1</italic> oncogene variants, and malignancies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вирус Эпштейна–Барр <italic>(Herpesviridae: Gammaherpesvirinae: Lymphocryptovirus: Human gammaherpesvirus 4)</italic>у калмыков и славян, проживающих на территории России: типы вируса, варианты онкогена <italic>LMP1</italic> и злокачественные опухоли</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-4364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurtsevitch</surname><given-names>Vladimir E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурцевич</surname><given-names>Владимир Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of medical sciences, professor, Principal Scientific Adviser, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный консультант лаборатории вирусного канцерогенеза</p></bio><email>gurtsevitch-vlad-88@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-7449</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lubenskaya</surname><given-names>Alexandra K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лубенская</surname><given-names>Александра Кирилловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Research Institute of Carcinogenesis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусного канцерогенеза</p></bio><email>lubenskaya.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-8274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Senyuta</surname><given-names>Natalia B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенюта</surname><given-names>Наталья Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Med., Scientific Adviser, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный консультант лаборатории вирусного канцерогенеза</p></bio><email>nat.senyuta@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-514X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dushenkina</surname><given-names>Tatiana E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Душенькина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Егоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research laboratory assistant, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаборатории вирусного канцерогенеза</p></bio><email>tatyana.dushenkina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-977X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Ksenia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Ксения Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Biol., Head of the Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая лабораторией вирусного канцерогенеза</p></bio><email>skv.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, FSBI «National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin» of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, FSBI «National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin» of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, FSBI «National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin» of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России, 115478</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSAEI HE «Pirogov Russian National Medical University of the Ministry of the Health of Russia (Pirogov Medical University)»,</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова (РНИМУ)» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>246</fpage><lpage>257</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Gurtsevitch V.E., Lubenskaya A.K., Senyuta N.B., Dushenkina T.E., Smirnova K.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Гурцевич В.Э., Лубенская А.К., Сенюта Н.Б., Душенькина Т.Е., Смирнова К.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gurtsevitch V.E., Lubenskaya A.K., Senyuta N.B., Dushenkina T.E., Smirnova K.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гурцевич В.Э., Лубенская А.К., Сенюта Н.Б., Душенькина Т.Е., Смирнова К.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/620">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/620</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> The discovery of the Epstein-Barr virus types (<italic>Herpesviridae: Gammaherpesvirinae: Lymphocryptovirus: Human gammaherpesvirus</italic> 4) (EBV) – EBV-1 and EBV-2, which have different transforming abilities in vitro, stimulated the study of their prevalence in populations in order to elucidate the relationship with malignant neoplasms.</p> <p><bold>The aims</bold> of the work are to study the prevalence of EBV-1 and EBV-2 among representatives of 2 ethnic groups of Russia, Kalmyks and Slavs, sequencing analysis of the <italic>LMP1</italic> oncogene in virus isolates, and analysis of the correlation between virus types and the incidence of certain forms of tumors.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> DNA samples were isolated from the biological material of oral swabs obtained from ethnic Kalmyks of the Republic of Kalmykia (RK) (<italic>n</italic> = 50) and Slavs, residents of the Moscow Region (MR) (<italic>n</italic> = 40). DNA samples were used to amplify EBV DNA, followed by determination of its concentration per 1 cell of washout, amplification of the <italic>LMP1</italic> oncogene in viral samples, their sequencing, and determination of LMP1 protein variants.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> It has been established that with the same burden of EBV among representatives of both ethnic groups in the Kalmyk group, the ratio of persons infected with transforming and non-transforming types of the virus was almost the same (EBV-1 – 51%; and EBV-2 – 49%). Meanwhile, in the group of Slavs the transforming EBV-1 type virus dominated (80.6%). The predominance of EBV-1 type in representatives of the Slavs correlated with increased incidence of certain forms of tumors in the population of the MR when compared with similar values in the population of the RK, where both types of the virus were prevalent. Differences between the compared rates of cancer incidence were not statistically significant. Analysis of viral isolates showed a similar set of <italic>LMP1</italic> variants in both ethnic groups.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> In order to establish the influence of EBV types on the incidence of malignant tumors, additional studies involving representatives of various ethnic groups from different geographical regions are needed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Открытие типов вируса Эпштейна–Барр (<italic>Herpesviridae</italic><italic>: Gammaherpesvirinae: </italic><italic>Lymphocryptovirus</italic><italic>: Human gammaherpesvirus 4</italic>) (ВЭБ) – ВЭБ-1 и ВЭБ-2, обладающих различной трансформирующей способностью <italic>in vitro,</italic> стимулировало изучение их распространённости в популяциях с целью выяснения связи со злокачественными новообразованиями.</p> <p><bold>Цели </bold>работы – изучение распространённости ВЭБ-1 и ВЭБ-2 у представителей 2 этносов России, калмыков и славян, сиквенсный анализ онкогена <italic>LMP1</italic> в изолятах вируса и анализ корреляции между типами вируса и заболеваемостью определенными формами опухолей.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Из биологического материала смывов полости рта, полученных от этнических калмыков Республики Калмыкия (РК) (<italic>n</italic> = 50) и славян, жителей Московской области (МО) (<italic>n</italic> = 40), выделяли образцы ДНК. Последние использовали для амплификации ДНК ВЭБ, с последующим определением её концентрации на 1 клетку смыва, амплификацией в вирусных образцах онкогена <italic>LMP1,</italic> их секвенированием и определением белковых вариантов LMP1.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено, что при одинаковой нагрузке ВЭБ среди представителей обоих этносов в группе калмыков соотношение лиц, инфицированных трансформирующим и нетрансформирующим типами вируса, было практически одинаковым (ВЭБ-1 – 51%; и ВЭБ-2 – 49%), а в группе славян доминировал трансформирующий тип ВЭБ-1 (80,6%). Доминантное инфицирование представителей славян 1-м типом вируса (ВЭБ-1) коррелировало с повышенными показателями заболеваемости некоторыми формами опухолей у населения МО при сравнении с аналогичными показателями у населения РК, представители которой инфицированы обоими типами вируса. Различия между сравниваемыми показателями онкозаболеваемости не были статистически значимыми. Анализ вирусных изолятов показал близкий набор вариантов LMP1 у обеих этнических групп.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> С целью установления влияния типов ВЭБ на заболеваемость злокачественными новообразованиями необходимы дополнительные исследования с участием представителей различных этнических групп из разных географических регионов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)</kwd><kwd>EBV-1 and EBV-2 types</kwd><kwd>latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1)</kwd><kwd>sequence analysis</kwd><kwd>Kalmyks</kwd><kwd>Slavs</kwd><kwd>real-time polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR)</kwd><kwd>tumors with EBV-associated cases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус Эпштейна–Барр (ВЭБ)</kwd><kwd>калмыки</kwd><kwd>славяне</kwd><kwd>типы ВЭБ-1 и ВЭБ-2</kwd><kwd>LMP1</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция в реальном времени (ПЦР-РВ)</kwd><kwd>сиквенсный анализ</kwd><kwd>опухоли с встречающимися ВЭБ-ассоциированными случаями</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Бюджетное финансирование</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">State budget financing</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Davison A.J., Eberle R., Ehlers B., Hayward G.S., McGeoch D.J., Minson A.C., et al. 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