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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">575</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0507-4088-86</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular methods for diagnosing novel coronavirus infection: comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and polymerase chain reaction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярные методы диагностики новой коронавирусной инфекции: сравнение петлевой изотермической амплификации и полимеразной цепной реакции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-2366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7237-1810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasovitov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красовитов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-0648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-5689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0192-1832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-4903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkashina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкашина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-4262</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrasheva</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрашева</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-2612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tivanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тиванова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5524-0296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khafizov</surname><given-names>K. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизов</surname><given-names>К. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Kamil’ F. Khafizov, </bold>Ph.D. (Biol.), Head, Scientific Group for the Development of New Diagnostic Methods, Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology Department</p><p>Moscow, 111123, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Хафизов Камиль Фаридович, </bold>канд. биол. наук, руководитель научной группы разработки новых методов диагностики на основе технологий секвенирования следующего поколения отдела молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии</p><p>111123, Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>kkhafizov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (Роспотребнадзор)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>417</fpage><lpage>424</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Akimkin V.G., Petrov V.V., Krasovitov K.V., Borisova N.I., Kotov I.A., Rodionova E.N., Cherkashina A.S., Kondrasheva L.Y., Tivanova E.V., Khafizov K.F.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Акимкин В.Г., Петров В.В., Красовитов К.В., Борисова Н.И., Котов И.А., Родионова Е.Н., Черкашина А.С., Кондрашева Л.Ю., Тиванова Е.В., Хафизов К.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akimkin V.G., Petrov V.V., Krasovitov K.V., Borisova N.I., Kotov I.A., Rodionova E.N., Cherkashina A.S., Kondrasheva L.Y., Tivanova E.V., Khafizov K.F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В.Г., Петров В.В., Красовитов К.В., Борисова Н.И., Котов И.А., Родионова Е.Н., Черкашина А.С., Кондрашева Л.Ю., Тиванова Е.В., Хафизов К.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/575">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/575</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Currently, the basis for molecular diagnostics of most infections is the use of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Technologies based on reverse transcription isothermal loop amplification (RT-LAMP) can be used as an alternative to RT-PCR for diagnostic purposes. In this study, we compared the RTLAMP and RT-PCR methods in order to analyze both the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches.</p><p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>For the study, we used reagent kits based on RT-PCR and RT-LAMP. The biological material obtained by taking swabs from the mucous membrane of the oropharynx and nasopharynx in patients with symptoms of a new coronavirus infection was used.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>We tested 381 RNA samples of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus) from various patients. The obtained values of the threshold cycle (Ct) for RT-PCR averaged 20.0 ± 3.7 s (1530 ± 300 s), and for RT-LAMP 12.8 ± 3.7 s (550 ± 160 s). Proceeding from the theoretical assumptions, a linear relationship between values obtained in two kits was proposed as a hypothesis; the correlation coefficient was approximately 0.827. At the same time, for samples with a low viral load (VL), the higher Ct values in RT-LAMP did not always correlated with those obtained in RT-PCR.</p><p><bold>Discussion.</bold> We noted a significant gain in time for analysis using RT-LAMP compared to RT-PCR, which can be important in the context of testing a large number of samples. Being easy to use and boasting short turnaround time, RT-LAMP-based test systems can be used for mass screening in order to identify persons with medium and high VLs who pose the greatest threat of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, while RT-PCR-based diagnostic methods are also suitable for estimation of VL and its dynamics in patients with COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В настоящее время основой молекулярной диагностики большинства инфекционных заболеваний является использование полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией (ОТ-ПЦР; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR). Альтернативой этому методу при решении диагностических задач могут выступать технологии, основанные на петлевой изотермической амплификации с обратной транскрипцией (ОТИТ; reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplifcation, RT-LAMP). В данном исследовании нами выполнено сравнение ОТ-ИТ и ОТ-ПЦР с целью анализа как преимуществ, так и недостатков обоих подходов.</p><p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>При проведении экспериментов использованы наборы реагентов, предназначенные для анализа на основе ОТ-ПЦР и ОТ-ИТ. В работе использовался биологический материал, полученный из мазков со слизистой оболочки рото- и носоглотки у лиц с симптомами новой коронавирусной инфекции.</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В ходе исследования протестирован 381 образец РНК вируса SARS-CoV-2 (Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus) от различных пациентов. Полученные значения порогового числа циклов (cycle threshold, Ct) для ОТ-ПЦР составили в среднем 20,0 ± 3,7 (диапазон 1530 ± 300 с), для ОТ-ИТ – 12,8 ± 3,7 (диапазон 550 ± 160 с). Исходя из теоретических предпосылок, в качестве гипотетической была предложена линейная зависимость представленных величин; коэффициент корреляции составил ≈0,827. При этом для проб с низкой вирусной нагрузкой (ВН) более высокие значения Ct при ОТ-ИТ не всегда соответствовали таковым в случае ОТ-ПЦР.</p><p><bold>Обсуждение. </bold>Мы отметили существенное преимущество во времени при выполнении анализа с помощью ОТ-ИТ по сравнению с ОТ-ПЦР, что может быть важно в условиях тестирования большого количества образцов. Разработанные на основе методики ОТ-ИТ тест-системы в силу простоты в использовании и относительной быстроты получения результата могут быть применены в процессе массового скрининга с целью выявления лиц со средней и высокой ВН, представляющих наибольшую угрозу распространения SARS-CoV-2. В свою очередь, диагностические методы на базе ОТ-ПЦР подходят в том числе для оценки ВН и её динамики у пациентов c COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>coronavirus SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction (PCR)</kwd><kwd>reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>коронавирус SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР)</kwd><kwd>петлевая изотермическая амплификация с обратной транскрипцией (ОТ-ИТ)</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Wu Z., McGoogan J.M. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 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