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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0507-4088-62</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prospects for using low-dose radiation in the complex therapy for COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Перспективы применения малых доз радиации в комплексной терапии COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-5594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saleeva</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салеева</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Saleeva, Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics of Radiation Effects.</p><p>123098, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салеева Дарья Владиславовна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной биологии и генетики радиационных эффектов.</p><p>123098, Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>dasha_saleeva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-0902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zasukhina</surname><given-names>G. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Засухина</surname><given-names>Г. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>123098, Moscow, Russia</p><p>119991, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, Москва, Россия</p><p>117971, Москва, Россия</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBI «State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center» of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. Бурназяна» Федерального медико-биологического агентства России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBIS Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской Академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>252</fpage><lpage>258</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-09-17"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-17"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Saleeva D.V., Zasukhina G.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Салеева Д.В., Засухина Г.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saleeva D.V., Zasukhina G.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салеева Д.В., Засухина Г.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/534">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/534</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review presents the literature data of new approaches for the treatment of COVID-19 with low doses of radiation (LDR). In addition, data on the use of LDR for the treatment of various disorders, in particular pneumonia, a number of inflammatory processes of various etiology, as well as Alzheimer’s disease are discussed. The mechanisms of LDR action are briefly described, associated with the activation of the immune system and antiinflammatory response due to the effect on the processes of oxidative stress, which is reflected in an increase in the activity of cytokines (interleukin- (IL-) 6), changes in the expression of a number of genes (such as P53 and NF-κB (p65)) and long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) (the authors’ own data are presented). Based on the analysis of the material presented, it can be assumed that further clinical trials of the effect of MDR (5–10 cGy) on patients with COVID-19, who are at different stages of the disease, will reveal the optimal conditions for the development and use of an effective treatment regimen.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящем обзоре изложены литературные данные относительно подходов к лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 малыми дозами радиации (МДР). Кроме того, приведены сведения о применении МДР для терапии различных заболеваний, в частности пневмонии, ряда воспалительных процессов разного происхождения, а также болезни Альцгеймера. Кратко описаны механизмы действия этого лечебного метода, связанные с активацией иммунной системы и противовоспалительным ответом за счёт влияния на процессы оксидативного стресса, что отражается в увеличении активности цитокинов (интерлейкин-(IL-) 6), изменении экспрессии ряда генов (таких как P53 и NF-κB (p65)), содержания длинных некодирующих РНК (днРНК; long non-coding RNA, ncRNA) и микроРНК (мкРНК; microRNA, miRNA) (представлены собственные данные авторов). На основании анализа представленного материала можно предполагать, что дальнейшие клинические испытания действия МДР (50–100 мГр) в группах пациентов с COVID-19 на разных стадиях заболевания позволят выявить оптимальные условия для выработки и использования эффективной схемы лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>low-dose radiation</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>gene, P53</kwd><kwd>NF-κB, non-coding RNAs, microRNAs</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малые дозы радиации</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>ген</kwd><kwd>P53</kwd><kwd>NF-κB</kwd><kwd>длинные некодирующие РНК</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Barsoumian H.B., Ramapriyan R., Younes A.I., Caetano M.S., Menon H., Comeaux N.I., et al. Low-dose radiation treatment enhances systemic antitumor immune responses by overcoming the inhibitory stroma. J. Immunother. 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