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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/0507-4088-2018-63-4-160-164</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PROBLEMS OF ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RECENT HUMAN A(H3N2) INFLUENZA VIRUSES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ, ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ И АНТИГЕННОГО АНАЛИЗА СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ВИРУСОВ ГРИППА A(H3N2)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polina.petrova@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eropkin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еропкин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Research Institute of Influenza</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НИИ гриппа» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-08-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>160</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-20"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Petrova P.A., Konovalova N.I., Danilenko D.M., Vasilieva A.D., Eropkin M.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Петрова П.А., Коновалова Н.И., Даниленко Д.М., Васильева А.Д., Еропкин М.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrova P.A., Konovalova N.I., Danilenko D.M., Vasilieva A.D., Eropkin M.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрова П.А., Коновалова Н.И., Даниленко Д.М., Васильева А.Д., Еропкин М.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/201">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/201</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Human A (H3N2) influenza viruses are distinguished by a high rate of evolution and regularly cause epidemics around the world. Their ability to adapt and to escape from the host's immune response and to change their receptor specificity is very high. Over the past 20 years, these viruses have lost the ability to agglutinate red blood cells of chickens and turkeys and have practically ceased to propagate in chicken embryos - the main source of influenza vaccines. Isolation of viruses in the MDCK cell culture led to the selection of strains that lose one of the potential glycosylation sites. Many of the A (H3N2) strains have acquired mutations in neuraminidase, which distort the results of antigenic analysis in the hemagglutination inhibition test - the cornerstone method for the analysis of the match between viral isolates circulating in human population to strains selected for the influenza vaccines. In this regard, the characteristics of the antigenic properties of influenza A (H3N2) viruses by traditional methods become poorly informative, and the selection of vaccine strains of this subtype is erroneous, which is reflected in the discrepancy between vaccine and circulating A (H3N2) viruses in recent years (2013-2014, 2014 -2015, 2015-2016). The search, development and implementation of new algorithms for the isolation and antigen analysis of influenza A (H3N2) viruses are extremely urgent.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вирусы гриппа человека подтипа А(H3N2) отличаются высокой скоростью эволюции и регулярно вызывают эпидемии по всему миру. Их способность адаптироваться к ускользанию от иммунного ответа хозяина и изменять свою рецепторную специфичность очень высока. За последние 20 лет эти вирусы потеряли способность связываться с эритроцитами кур и индеек и практически перестали выделяться на куриных эмбрионах - основном источнике наращивания и получения противогриппозных вакцин. Выделение вирусов в культуре клеток MDCK привело к отбору штаммов, которые утрачивают один из потенциальных сайтов гликозилирования. Многие штаммы А(H3N2) приобрели мутации в нейраминидазе, которые искажают результаты антигенного анализа в реакции торможения гемагглютинации -- краеугольном методе при анализе соответствия циркулирующих в популяции людей вирусных изолятов штаммам, входящим в состав противогриппозных вакцин. В этой связи характеристика антигенных свойств вирусов гриппа А(H3N2) традиционными методами становится малоинформативной, а отбор вакцинных штаммов данного подтипа - ошибочным, что и отражается в несоответствии вакцинных и циркулирующих вирусов А(H3N2) в последние годы (2013-2014, 2014-2015, 2015-2016). Поиск, разработка и внедрение новых алгоритмов выделения и антигенного анализа вирусов гриппа А(H3N2) представляются крайне актуальными.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>influenza A(H3N2) viruses</kwd><kwd>hemagglutination inhibition test</kwd><kwd>microneutralization</kwd><kwd>antigenic properties</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>вирусы гриппа А(H3N2)</kwd><kwd>реакция торможения гемагглютинации</kwd><kwd>реакция микронейтрализации</kwd><kwd>антигенные свойства</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kilbourne E.D. Influenza pandemics of the 20th century. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2006; 12(1): 9-18.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Pan K., Deem M.W. Quantifying selection and diversity in viruses by entropy methods, with application to the haemagglutinin of H3N2 influenza. J. R. Soc. 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