Problems of VirologyProblems of VirologyВопросы вирусологии0507-40882411-2097Central Research Institute for Epidemiology1667810.36233/0507-4088-261pselciREVIEWSОБЗОРЫReview ArticleDefective HIV proviruses: possible involvement in the HIV infection pathogenesisДефектные провирусы ВИЧ: возможное участие в патогенезе ВИЧ-инфекцииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-8957BobkovaMarina R.БобковаМарина Ридовна
Russian Federation

D.Sci. (Biol.), Chief Researcher of the laboratory of biology of lentiviruses

д-р биол. наук, главный специалист лаборатории биологии лентивирусов

mrbobkova@mail.ruI. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and SeraФГБНУ «НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»0911202469539941406092024Copyright ©; 2024, Bobkova M.R.Copyright ©; 2024, Бобкова М.Р.2024Bobkova M.R.Бобкова М.Р.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/16678

This review article analyzes information obtained from a literature search on defective HIV genomes (HIV-1, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Lentivirus, Orthoretrovirinae, Retroviridae). It discusses the origins of defective HIV genomes, their potential for transcription and translation, and the role of defective RNA and proteins in stimulating both innate and adaptive immunity. The article also explores their contribution to HIV pathogenesis, immune system hyperactivation despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the evolutionary processes in HIV proviral populations under ART. Additionally, it addresses challenges in reservoir elimination and HIV eradication that arise from the existence of defective HIV viruses.

Обзорная статья содержит анализ информации, полученной в результате поиска литературы по теме «дефектные геномы ВИЧ (ВИЧ, Human immunodeficiency virus-1, Lentivirus, Orthoretrovirinae, Retroviridae)». Рассматриваются вопросы происхождения дефектных геномов ВИЧ, возможность их транскрипции и трансляции, участие дефектных РНК и белков в стимуляции естественного и адаптивного иммунитета, вклад в патогенез ВИЧ-инфекции и гиперактивацию иммунной системы в условиях успешной антиретровирусной терапии (АРТ), эволюционные процессы в популяции провирусов ВИЧ под действием АРТ, возможные проблемы разработок элиминации резервуаров и эрадикации ВИЧ, связанные с существованием дефектных ВИЧ.

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