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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">14572</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36233/0507-4088-186</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">mvcgom</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Adaptation of african swine fever virus (Asfarviridae: <italic>Asfivirus</italic>)to growth in the continuous culture PPK-66b cells by the method of accelerated passaging</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Адаптация вируса африканской чумы свиней (Asfarviridae: <italic>Asfivirus</italic>) к росту в перевиваемой культуре клеток ППК-66б методом ускоренного пассирования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-7710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasova</surname><given-names>Natalia N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власова</surname><given-names>Наталья Никифоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr of Biol. Sci., Principal Researcher of the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>vlanany@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8584-8251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>Oleg Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Олег Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr of Vet. Sci., Professor, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.в.н., профессор, директор</p></bio><email>gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4580-6776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivonos</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривонос</surname><given-names>Роман Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. of Vet. Sci., Head</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.в.н., руководитель</p></bio><email>uv@krasnodar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-9341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verkhovsky</surname><given-names>Oleg A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верховский</surname><given-names>Олег Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr of Biol. Sci., Professor, President</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, президент</p></bio><email>info@dpri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-1363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliper</surname><given-names>Taras I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алипер</surname><given-names>Тарас Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Biol. Sci., Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Epizootology, diagnostics and prevention of viral diseases of pigs</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией эпизоотологии, диагностики и профилактики вирусных болезней свиней</p></bio><email>aliper@vetbio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6579-779X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anoyatbekova</surname><given-names>Afshona M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аноятбекова</surname><given-names>Афшона Музафарбековна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D.of Vet. Sci., Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. в. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>aafshona@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-6102</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>Елена Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. Sc., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Biochemistry and of Molecular Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>evz-sk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2161-9406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheruk</surname><given-names>Oksana D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучерук</surname><given-names>Оксана Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. of Vet. Sci., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. в. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>kussike17@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-6824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuzhakov</surname><given-names>Anton G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Южаков</surname><given-names>Антон Геннадиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. of Biol. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., заведующий лабораторией биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>anton_oskol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-6175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyukin</surname><given-names>Mikhail I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулюкин</surname><given-names>Михаил Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Vet.Sci., Academician of RAS, Head of Scientific Areas Center in the administration</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.в.н., академик РАН, руководитель научных направлений центра в администрации</p></bio><email>admin@viev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-4770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyukin</surname><given-names>Aleksey M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулюкин</surname><given-names>Алексей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Vet. Sci., Corresponding Member RAS, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.в.н., член-кор. РАН, директор</p></bio><email>admin@viev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after V.I. K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр – Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной ветеринарии им. К.И. Скрябина и Я.Р. Коваленко Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Krasnodar Territory</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Департамент ветеринарии Краснодарского края</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Diagnosis and Prevention of Human and Animal Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АНО «Научно-исследовательский институт диагностики и профилактики болезней человека и животных»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>334</fpage><lpage>342</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-25"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Vlasova N.N., Chernykh O.Y., Krivonos R.A., Verkhovsky O.A., Aliper T.I., Anoyatbekova A.M., Zhukova E.V., Kucheruk O.D., Yuzhakov A.G., Gulyukin M.I., Gulyukin A.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Власова Н.Н., Черных О.Ю., Кривонос Р.А., Верховский О.А., Алипер Т.И., Аноятбекова А.М., Жукова Е.В., Кучерук О.Д., Южаков А.Г., Гулюкин М.И., Гулюкин А.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasova N.N., Chernykh O.Y., Krivonos R.A., Verkhovsky O.A., Aliper T.I., Anoyatbekova A.M., Zhukova E.V., Kucheruk O.D., Yuzhakov A.G., Gulyukin M.I., Gulyukin A.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власова Н.Н., Черных О.Ю., Кривонос Р.А., Верховский О.А., Алипер Т.И., Аноятбекова А.М., Жукова Е.В., Кучерук О.Д., Южаков А.Г., Гулюкин М.И., Гулюкин А.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/14572">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/14572</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> African swine fever virus (ASF) is a large, enveloped virus with an icosahedral capsid morphology and a double-stranded DNA genome ranging in size from 170 to 190 kb. The replication cycle proceeds in two phases, the early phase lasting 4–6 hours and the late 8–20 hours after infection. The adaptation of the ASF virus to growth in continuous cell lines makes efficient and reliable genetic analysis and more accurate interpretation of its results.</p> <p><bold>Objective. </bold>Adaptation of a new isolate of the ASF virus to growth in a continuous cell line by the method of accelerated passages and preliminary genetic analysis of the resulting strain.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> For virus isolation and passaging of the ASF virus, a porcine leukocyte cell culture (PL) and continuous cell cultures of porcine origin (ST, PK, PPK-66b) were used with Eagle MEM and HLA essential media with 10% porcine or fetal serum.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The article presents data on the isolation and analysis of the changes in the reproductive properties of a new African swine fever (ASF) virus isolate in the process of adaptation to growth in a continuous piglet kidney cell culture clone b (PPK-66b). The current state of the problem of cultivation of the ASF virus, the features of its reproduction, and the basis of the genetic differentiation of its isolates are described in detail. Understanding the uniqueness of the nature of the ASF virus determined the approaches to the processes of its cultivation and adaptation. In this regard, the results of studies of cultural properties, and analysis of the nucleotide sequence of 6 genes of the new isolate, as well as phylogenetic analysis of these genes with already known strains and isolates of the ASF virus are presented.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> A new strain obtained in the process of cell adaptation of ASVF/Znaury/PPK-23 ASF virus by the accelerated passaging method reaches a high level of reproduction in 72 hours with an accumulation titer of 7.07 lg HAdE50/cm<sup>3</sup>. Primary genetic analysis allowed to establish the main phylogenetic relationships of the newly isolated strain with previously known variants of the current ASF panzootic.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Вирус африканской чумы свиней (АЧС) представляет собой крупный оболочечный вирус с икосаэдрической морфологией капсида и двухцепочечным ДНК-геномом, размеры которого варьируют от 170 до 190 т.п.о. Цикл репликации протекает в две фазы, причем длительность ранней фазы составляет 4–6 ч, а поздней – 8–20 ч после заражения. Адаптация вируса АЧС к росту в определенных клеточных линиях позволяет провести эффективный и достоверный генетический анализ и более четко интерпретировать его результаты.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Адаптация нового изолята вируса АЧС к росту в перевиваемой линии клеток методом коротких пассажей и предварительный генетический анализ полученного штамма.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Для вирусовыделения, пассирования вируса АЧС использовали первичную культуру клеток лейкоцитов свиньи (ЛС) и перевиваемые культуры клеток свиного происхождения (ПТП, ПС, ППК-66б) с использованием питательных сред Игла МЭМ и ГЛА с 10% свиной или фетальной сыворотки.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В статье представлены данные по выделению и анализу изменений репродуктивных свойств нового изолята вируса АЧС в процессе адаптации к росту в перевиваемой культуре клеток почки поросенка (ППК-66б). Подробно описаны современное состояние проблемы культивирования вируса АЧС, особенности его репродукции и основы генетической дифференциации его изолятов. Понимание уникальности природы вируса АЧС определило подходы к процессам его культивирования и адаптации. В связи с этим приводятся результаты исследований культуральных свойств и анализа нуклеотидной последовательности 6 генов нового изолята, а также филогенетического анализа этих генов с уже известными штаммами и изолятами вируса АЧС.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Полученный в процессе адаптации методом коротких пассажей новый штамм ASVF/Znaury/PPK-23 вируса АЧС за 72 ч достигает высокого уровня накопления с титром 7,07 lgГАдЕ<sub>50</sub>/см<sup>3</sup>. Первичный генетический анализ позволил установить основные филогенетические связи вновь выделенного изолята с ранее известными вариантами текущей панзоотии АЧС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>African swine fever virus (ASFV)</kwd><kwd>genome structure</kwd><kwd>features of replication, continuous cell lines</kwd><kwd>virus-mediated hemadsorption (HAd), phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус африканской чумы свиней</kwd><kwd>структура генома</kwd><kwd>особенности репликации, перевиваемые линии клеток</kwd><kwd>вирус-опосредованная гемадсорбция, филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">VIEV RAS</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FGUG-2022-18</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Salas M.L., Andrés G. 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