Problems of VirologyProblems of VirologyВопросы вирусологии0507-40882411-2097Central Research Institute for Epidemiology1420110.36233/0507-4088-187bfzbeiREVIEWSОБЗОРЫResearch ArticleGlobal genetic diversity of measles virus (Paramyxoviridae: Morbillivirus: Morbillivirus hominis): historical aspects and current stateГлобальное генетическое разнообразие вируса кори (Paramyxoviridae: Morbillivirus: Morbillivirus hominis): исторические аспекты и современное состояниеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-7353RubalskaiaTatiana S.РубальскаяТатьяна Сергеевна
Russian Federation

head of applied immunochemistry laboratory G.N. Gabrichevsky, research institute of epidemiology and microbiology

руководитель лаборатории прикладной иммунохимии

rubalskaia@gabrich.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-7840ErokhovDenis V.ЕроховДенис Вадимович
Russian Federation

Researcher of applied immunochemistry laboratory G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow research institute of epidemiology and microbiology

научный сотрудник лаборатории прикладной иммунохимии

erokhovdenis@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-4353ZherdevaPolina E.ЖердеваПолина Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

junior researcher of applied immunochemistry laboratory G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow research institute of epidemiology and microbiology

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории прикладной иммунохимии

polya-zherdeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2320-1062MamaevaTamara A.МамаеваТамара Алексеевна
Russian Federation

Ph.D. (Biol.), Lead researcher of applied immunochemistry laboratory G.N. Gabrichevsky, research institute of epidemiology and microbiology

кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории прикладной иммунохимии

4522826@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8762-4355TikhonovaNina T.ТихоноваНина Тимофеевна
Russian Federation

Professor, Dr.Sci. (Biol.), Chief researcher of cytokines laboratory G.N. Gabrichevsky, research institute of epidemiology and microbiology

профессор, доктор биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории цитокинов

tikhmail@mail.ruG.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow research institute of epidemiology and microbiology Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingФБУН МНИИЭМ имени Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора0711202368536137119072023Copyright ©; 2023, Rubalskaia T.S., Erokhov D.V., Zherdeva P.E., Mamaeva T.A., Tikhonova N.T.Copyright ©; 2023, Рубальская Т.С., Ерохов Д.В., Жердева П.Е., Мамаева Т.А., Тихонова Н.Т.2023Rubalskaia T.S., Erokhov D.V., Zherdeva P.E., Mamaeva T.A., Tikhonova N.T.Рубальская Т.С., Ерохов Д.В., Жердева П.Е., Мамаева Т.А., Тихонова Н.Т.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/14201

Monitoring the circulation of the measles virus and studying its genetic diversity is an important component of the measles elimination program. A methodological approach to molecular genetic studies and their interpretation in the measles surveillance was developed in the early 2000s. During its development, clear areas of circulation of each genotype of the virus were identified, therefore, the determination of viruses’ genotypes was proposed to monitor circulation and identify transmission pathways. However, in the future, due to a significant decrease in the number of active genotypes, an approach based on sub-genotyping was proposed: determining not only the genotype of the virus, but also its genetic lineage/genetic variant. The Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network (GMRLN) systematically monitors the circulation of the measles virus at the sub-genotypic level, depositing the results in a specialized database MeaNS2. It is this database that is the most complete and reliable source of information about the genetic characteristic of measles viruses.

This review presents both historical information and the latest data on the global genetic diversity of the measles virus.

Мониторинг циркуляции вируса кори и изучение его генетического разнообразия является важным компонентом программы элиминации кори. Методический подход к молекулярно-генетическим исследованиям и их интерпретации с целью надзора за корью был разработан в начале 2000-х гг. В период его разработки были установлены четкие ареалы циркуляции каждого генотипа вируса, в связи с чем определение генотипов выделенных вирусов было предложено для мониторинга их циркуляции и выявления путей передачи. Однако в дальнейшем, по причине значительного снижения количества активных генотипов вируса, был предложен подход, основанный на субгенотипировании: определении не только генотипа вируса, но и его генетической линии/генетического варианта. Глобальная сеть лабораторий по кори и краснухе (GMRLN) проводит систематический мониторинг циркуляции вируса кори на субгенотипическом уровне, депонируя результаты в специализированную базу данных MeaNS2, которая является наиболее полным и достоверным источником сведений о генетической характеристике вирусов кори.

В настоящем обзоре представлены как исторические сведения, так и последняя информация о глобальном генетическом разнообразии вируса кори.

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