Problems of VirologyProblems of VirologyВопросы вирусологии0507-40882411-2097Central Research Institute for Epidemiology1275010.36233/0507-4088-180hqrvbkORIGINAL RESEARCHESОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯResearch ArticleA decade genetic diversity in Circulating influenza B virus in Iran (2010–2019): Divergence from WHO-recommended vaccine strainsГенетическое разнообразие вируса гриппа B, циркулирующего в Иране в течение десятилетия (2010–2019 гг.): отличие от рекомендованных ВОЗ вакцинных штаммовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4510-1820EmamiAmir
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Ph.D (Microbiology), Department of Microbiology, Burn & Wound Healing Research Center

кандидат наук (микробиология), Научно-исследовательский центр травматологии, кафедра микробиологии

emami.microbia@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5700-3913PirbonyehNeda
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Department of Microbiology, Burn & Wound Healing Research Center, Department of Bacteriology and Virology

Научно-исследовательский центр травматологии, кафедра микробиологии, кафедра бактериологии и вирусологии

pirbonyeh@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-9622MoattariAfagh
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Ph.D. (Bacteriology and Virology), Professor of Medical Virology, Department of Bacteriology and Virology

кандидат наук (бактериология и вирусология), профессор медицинской вирусологии, кафедра биостатистики

moattari.a@sums.ac.irhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8841-0861JavanmardiFatemeh
Iran, Islamic Republic of

кандидат наук (биостатистика), кафедра биостатистики

Ph.D of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine

javanmardi.biostat@yahoo.comShiraz University of medical sciencesШиразский университет медицинских наукShiraz University of Medical SciencesШиразский университет медицинских наук0711202368538539317062023Copyright ©; 2023, Emami A., Pirbonyeh N., Moattari A., Javanmardi F.Copyright ©; 2023, Emami A., Pirbonyeh N., Moattari A., Javanmardi F.2023Emami A., Pirbonyeh N., Moattari A., Javanmardi F.Emami A., Pirbonyeh N., Moattari A., Javanmardi F.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/12750

Background. Data on the disease burden and circulation patterns of influenza B virus lineages for Iran are limited.

Objective. This review aims to describe the pattern of influenza B occurrence in Iran, comparing it with the proposed vaccine strains and determining the match and mismatch with the prescribed vaccine annually.

Methods. Various sources were used to retrieve information of the data; such as information from an online search of databases such as FluNet, GISAID, and NCBI. After extracting protein sequence records in GISAID, sequence alignment with vaccine strain and construction of a phylogenetic tree were performed. Subsequently, categories of the registered circulating strains were evaluated for matching with the vaccine strains.

Results. Of the total registered influenza-positive samples, 20.21% were related to influenza B virus. The phylogenic tree was designed based on 43 samples registered in the GISAID database; 76.74 and 23.25% sequences were of Yamagata and Victoria lineages, respectively. The most prevalent influenza B virus strains circulating during the study years belonged to the Yamagata lineage. In general, the match of the influenza B virus predominant circulating strains with administrated vaccines was observed in Iran. However, a high level of mismatch between the vaccine strain and Iranian isolates was identified in 2016‒2017.

Conclusion. The review of match and mismatch in influenza vaccine in order to improve the composition of the prescribed vaccine in each region is very important because the vaccine efficacy decreased when the strain included in vaccine did not match the circulating epidemic strain.

Введение. Данные о распространенности и особенностях циркуляции линий вируса гриппа B в Иране ограничены.

Цель. Описать характер заболеваемости гриппом В в Иране в контексте применявшихся для вакцинации штаммов и определить их соответствие актуальным штаммам вируса гриппа В.

Методы. С целью сбора информации проводили онлайн-поиск в базах данных: FluNet, GISAID и NCBI. Для аминокислотных последовательностей вируса гриппа В, взятых из базы данных GISAID, было выполнено их выравнивание с вакцинным штаммом и построение филогенетического дерева. Затем последовательности циркулирующих штаммов оценивали на соответствие вакцинным штаммам.

Результаты. Из общего числа зарегистрированных последовательностей вирусов гриппа 20,21% принадлежали вирусу гриппа В. Филогенетическое дерево было построено на основе 43 последовательностей, зарегистрированных в базе данных GISAID; 76,74 и 23,25% последовательностей принадлежали линиям В/Ямагата и В/Виктория соответственно. Наиболее распространенные штаммы вируса гриппа В, циркулировавшие в годы исследования, относились к линии В/Ямагата. В целом в Иране наблюдалось совпадение преобладающих циркулирующих штаммов вируса гриппа В со штаммами, применяемыми в вакцинах. Однако в период 2016–2017 гг. был зарегистрирован высокий уровень несоответствия вакцинного штамма иранским изолятам.

Заключение. Анализ соответствия штаммов вакцин, применяющихся для профилактики гриппа, циркулирующим эпидемическим штаммам вируса крайне важен для улучшения состава используемых в разных регионах вакцин, поскольку при их несоответствии эффективность вакцинации снижается.

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