<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of Virology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of Virology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы вирусологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0507-4088</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-2097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11994</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">GBV-C infection in HIV-infected patients in the Russian Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>GBV-C-инфекция у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов в Российской Федерации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2010-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO1 (2010)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№1 (2010)</issue-title><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2010, Dmitriev P.N., Tsykina M.N., Moiseeva A.V., Serkov I.L., Pronin A.Y., Popova O.E., Isaeva O.V., Kyuregyan K.K., Mikhailov M.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2010, Дмитриев П.Н., Цыкина М.Н., Моисеева А.В., Серков И.Л., Пронин А.Ю., Попова О.Е., Исаева О.В., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dmitriev P.N., Tsykina M.N., Moiseeva A.V., Serkov I.L., Pronin A.Y., Popova O.E., Isaeva O.V., Kyuregyan K.K., Mikhailov M.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дмитриев П.Н., Цыкина М.Н., Моисеева А.В., Серков И.Л., Пронин А.Ю., Попова О.Е., Исаева О.В., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/11994">https://virusjour.crie.ru/jour/article/view/11994</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The spread and genotypical variability of GBV-C virus were determined among the HIV-positive patients in the Russian Federation. More than a fourth (26.2%) of the HIV-infected patients were shown to have GBV-C coinfection; all virus isolates belonged to genotype 2 with a predominance of subtype 2a. Analysis of the impact of GBV-C coinfection on HIV burden and CD4 lymphocyte levels showed no significant impact on these basic characteristics of HIV infection. However, coinfection with GBV-C and HIV was associated with the higher frequency of undetectably low ( &lt; 400 copies/ml) of HIV burden, which enables GBV-C infection to be regarded as a potentially favorable factor in HIV infection.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Определены распространенность и генотипическое разнообразие вируса GBV-C среди ВИЧ-положительных пациентов в Российской Федерации. Показано, что более 1/4 (26,2%) ВИЧ-инфицированных имеют коинфекцию GBV-C, все проанализированные изоляты вируса принадлежали 2-му генотипу с преобладанием субтипа 2a. Анализ влияния коинфекции GBV-C на вирусную нагрузку ВИЧ и уровни лимфоцитов CD4 показал отсутствие достоверного влияния на эти основные характеристики ВИЧ-инфекции. Однако коинфекция GBV-C и ВИЧ была связана с повышением частоты встречаемости неопределяемо низкой (&lt; 400 копий/мл) вирусной нагрузки ВИЧ, что позволяет рассматривать GBV-C-инфекцию как потенциально благоприятный фактор при ВИЧ-инфекции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GBV-C virus</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>viral burden</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус GBV-C</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>вирусная нагрузка</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Покровский В. В., Ермак Т. Н., Беляева В. В. и др. ВИЧ-инфекция: клиника, диагностика и лечение / Под ред. В. В. Покровского. - 2-е изд. - М., 2003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Alter H. J. G-pers creepers? Where'd you get those papers? A reassessment of the literature on the hepatitis G virus // Transfusion. - 1997. - Vol. 37. - P. 569-572.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Aster V., Konig J., Stankova M. et al. Prevalence of GBV-C/ HGV in HIV-infected patients and potential influence of co-infection on the course of the disease // Klin. Mikrobiol. Infekc. Lek. - 2005. - Vol. 11, N 6. - P. 199-203.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Fogeda M., Navas S., Martin J. et al. In Vitro infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by GB virus C/hepatitis G virus // J. Virol. - 1999. - Vol. 73, N 5. - P. 4052-4061.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Hattori J., Okumura N., Yamazaki Y. et al. Beneficial effect of GB virus C co-infection in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals // Microbiol. Immunol. - 2007. - Vol. 51, N 2. - P. 193-200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Muerhoff A. S., Smith D. B., Leary T. P. et al. Identification of GB virus C variants by phylogenetic analysis of 5'-untranslated and coding region sequences // J. Virol. - 1997. - Vol. 71, N 9. - P. 6501-6508.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Smith D. B., Cuceanu N., Davidson F. et al. Discrimination of hepatitis G virus/GBV-C geographical variants by analysis of the 5' non-coding region // J. Gen. Virol. - 1997. - Vol. 78, N 7. - P. 1533-1542.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Souza I. E., Allen J. B., Xiang J. et al. Effect of primer selection on estimates of GB virus C prevalence and response to antiretroviral therapy for optimal testing for GBV-C viremia // J. Clin. Microbiol. - 2006. - Vol. 44, N 9. - P. 3105-3113.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Souza I. E., Zhang W., Diaz R. S. et al. Effect of GB virus C on response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected Brazilians // HIV Medicine. - 2006. - Vol. 7. - P. 25-31.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Stapleton J. T., Williams C. F., Xiang J. GB virus type C: Beneficial infection? Minireview // J. Clin. Microbiol. - 2004. - Vol. 42, N 9. - P. 3915-3919.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Tillmann H. L., Heiken H., Knapik-Botor A. Infection with GB virus C and reduced mortality among HIV-infected patients // New English J. for Med. - 2001. - Vol. 345. - P. 715-724.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Xiang J., Wunschmann S., Schmidt W. N. Full-length GB virus C (HGV) RNA transcripts are infectious in primary CD4-positive T cells // J. Med. Virol. - 2000. - Vol. 74. - P. 9125- 9133.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Xiang J., George S. L., Wunschmann S. et al. Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by GB virus C infection through increases in RANTES, MIP-1, and SDF-1 // Lancet. - 2004. - Vol. 363. - P. 2040-2046.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
